User Tools

Site Tools


Translations of this page?:
en:dictionary:kalyāṇa



kalyāṇa {pi}


Pāḷi; √ kalyāṇa
gender:
type:
alt. sp.: IPA: kəljɑːɳə, Velthuis: kalyaa.na, readable: kalyaana, simple: kalyana
translation ~:
skr.:
khmer: កល្យាណ
thai: กลฺยาณ
sinhal.: කල්‍යාණ
burm.: ကလျာဏ
appears:



kalyaana.jpg

[dic] kalyāṇa (kalyana)

kalyāṇa: Description welcome. Info can be removed after imput.

ATI Glossary

— —

 

Buddhist Dictionary

by late Ven. Nyanalokita Thera:

— —

 

PTS Dictionary

by the Pali Text Society:

 

Glossary Thanissaro

— —

 

Illustrated Glossary of Pāli Terms

by Ven. Varado Maha Thera:

Renderings
  • for kalyāṇa:
    • virtuous
    • virtuousness
    • meritorious
    • good
    • excellent
Introduction

Kalyāṇa and kusala

Kalyāṇa is close in meaning to kusala, for example here:

• By him are many folk established in the noble practice, namely in practices that are virtuous and spiritually wholesome.

bahu'ssa janatā ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatā kusaladhammatā. (AN ii 36)

Kalyāṇa: adjective of puñña

When kalyāṇa is used as the adjective of puñña we call it ‘meritorious.’ For example:

• One should do what is meritorious as a collection for a future life. Meritorious deeds are the support for living beings [when they arise] in the world hereafter.

Tasmā kareyya kalyāṇaṁ nicayaṁ samparāyikaṁ. Puññāni paralokasmiṁ patiṭṭhā honti pāṇinanti. (SN i 93)

Kalyāṇa opposed to pāpa in the context of karmically consequential conduct

When kalyāṇa is opposed to pāpa in the context of karmically consequential conduct, we call the terms ‘meritorious’ and ‘demeritorious.’

• This Venerable is owner of his karmically consequential conduct, inheritor of it, born of it, intimately related to it, has it as his refuge. He is the inheritor of whatever karmically consequential conduct he undertakes whether meritorious or demeritorious.

Kammassako ayamāyasmā kammadāyādo kammayonī kammabandhū kammapaṭisaraṇo. Yaṁ kammaṁ karissati kalyāṇaṁ vā pāpakaṁ vā tassa dāyādo bhavissatī ti. (AN iii 185)

Kalyāṇa opposed to pāpa in the context of virtuousness

Outside the context of karmically consequential conduct we call kalyāṇa and pāpa ‘virtuous’ and ‘unvirtuous.’

• There is no hiding place for the doer of unvirtuous deeds

Natthi loke raho nāma pāpakammaṁ pakubbato.

… You yourself, man, know what is true or false.

Attā te purisa jānāti saccaṁ vā yadi vā musā.

… Indeed, sir, you disdain the virtuous aspect of yourself which witnesses [all that you do]

Kalyāṇaṁ vata bho sakkhi attānaṁ atimaññasi.

… You are [trying to] conceal from yourself unvirtuousness existing within yourself

Yo santaṁ attani pāpaṁ attānaṁ parigūhasi. (AN i 149)

• And the Venerable MahāMoggallāna saw that person sitting in the midst of the assembly of bhikkhus―unvirtuous, of an unvirtuous moral nature, of foul and odious behaviour, secretive in conduct, no ascetic though pretending to be one, not celibate though pretending to be so, spiritually rotten, full of defilement, and morally decayed.

Addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṁ puggalaṁ dussīlaṁ pāpadhammaṁ asucisaṅkassarasamācāraṁ paṭicchannakammantaṁ assamaṇaṁ samaṇapaṭiññaṁ abrahmacāriṁ brahmacārīpaṭiññaṁ antopūtiṁ avassutaṁ kasambujātaṁ majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa nisinnaṁ. (Uda 52)

• Whatever there is in my family that is suitable for giving, all that I share unreservedly with those who are virtuous and of a virtuous moral nature

appaṭivibhattaṁ sīlavantehi kalyāṇadhammehī ti. (SN v 396-7)

In relation to friendship: virtuous

In relation to friendship, kalyāṇa is linked to the influence people have over others, and can again be rendered ‘virtuous.’

• This is the entire religious life, Ānanda, namely, virtuous friendship, virtuous companionship, virtuous comradeship.

sakalameva hidaṁ ānanda brahmacariyaṁ yadidaṁ kalyāṇamittatā kalyāṇasahāyatā kalyāṇasampavaṅkatā

… When a bhikkhu has a virtuous friend, a virtuous companion, a virtuous comrade, it is to be expected that he will develop and cultivate the noble eightfold path.

kalyāṇamittassetaṁ ānanda bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṁ kalyāṇasahāyassa kalyāṇasampavaṅkassa ariyaṁ aṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ bhāvessati ariyaṁ aṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ bahulīkarissatī ti. (SN i 88-9)

Illustrations

Illustration: kalyāṇa, virtuous

Unvirtuous friendship is an obstacle to virtuous practices.

pāpamittatā sīlānaṁ paripantho. (AN v 136)

Virtuous friendship is a condition that nourishes virtuous practices.

kalyāṇamittatā sīlānaṁ āhāro. (AN v 136)

King Ajātasattu of Magadha has unvirtuous friends, unvirtuous companions, unvirtuous comrades. King Pasenadi of Kosala has virtuous friends, virtuous companions, virtuous comrades.

Rājā bhikkhave māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto pāpamitto pāpasahāyo pāpasampavaṅko. Rājā ca kho bhikkhave pasenadi kosalo kalyāṇamitto kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. (SN i 83)

By relying upon me as a virtuous friend, Ānanda, beings subject to birth are freed from birth.

Mamaṁ hi ānanda kalyāṇamittaṁ āgamma jātidhammā sattā jātiyā parimuccanti. (SN i 88)

And what is virtuous friendship?

Katamā ca vyagghapajja kalyāṇamittatā:

In whatever village or town the noble young man lives, he consorts with and converses with householders and their sons, old and young alike matured in virtue, and emulates their perfection in faith, virtue, generosity, and wisdom.

idha vyagghapajja kulaputto yasmiṁ gāme vā nigame vā paṭivasati tattha ye te honti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā daharā vā vuddhasīlino vuddhā vā vuddhasīlā saddhāsampannā sīlasampannā cāgasampannā paññāsampannā tehi saddhiṁ santiṭṭhati sallapati sākacchaṁ samāpajjati.

Insofar as this happens, this is called virtuous friendship.

Yathā rūpānaṁ saddhāsampannānaṁ saddhāsampadaṁ anusikkhati yathārūpānaṁ sīlasampannānaṁ sīlasampadaṁ anusikkhati yathārūpānaṁ cāgasampannānaṁ cāgasampadaṁ anusikkhati yathārūpānaṁ paññāsampannānaṁ paññāsampadaṁ anusikkhati ayaṁ vuccati vyagghapajja kalyāṇamittatā. (AN iv 282)

By him are many folk established in the noble practice, namely in practices that are virtuous and spiritually wholesome.

bahu'ssa janatā ariye ñāye patiṭṭhāpitā yadidaṁ kalyāṇadhammatā kusaladhammatā. (AN ii 36)

’Consent that I may go forth from the household life into the ascetic life.’ Then the parents of those boys consented, thinking, ‘All these boys have the same aspiration. They are bent on what is virtuous.’

Atha kho tesaṁ dārakānaṁ mātāpitaro sabbepi me dārakā samānacchandā kalyāṇadhippāyā ti anujāniṁsu. (Vin.1.77-8)

Whatever there is in my family that is suitable for giving, all that I share unreservedly with those who are virtuous and of a virtuous moral nature

appaṭivibhattaṁ sīlavantehi kalyāṇadhammehī ti. (SN v 396-7)

Illustration: kalyāṇa, virtuousness

What is virtuous?

Katamo ca bhikkhave kalyāṇo

In this regard, some person refrains from:

• killing

pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti

• stealing

adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti

• committing adultery

kāmesu micchācārā paṭivirato hoti

• lying

musāvādā paṭivirato hoti

• speaking maliciously, harshly or frivolous chatter

Pisuṇāvācā paṭivirato hoti. Pharusāvācā paṭivirato hoti. samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti

• he is not greedy

• he is benevolent

• is of right perception [of reality]

Comment:

This occurs in the context of four statements:

1) What is unvirtuous?

Katamo ca bhikkhave pāpo? Idha bhikkhave ekacco pāṇātipātī hoti… Micchādiṭṭhiko hoti.

2) What is worse than unvirtuousness?

Katamo ca bhikkhave pāpena pāpataro? Idha bhikkhave ekacco attanā ca pāṇātipātī hoti. Parañca pāṇātipāte samādapeti… Attanā ca micchādiṭṭhiko hoti parañca micchādiṭṭhiyā samādapeti.

3) What is virtuous?

Katamo ca bhikkhave kalyāṇo?

4) What is better than virtuousness?

Katamo ca bhikkhave kalyāṇena kalyāṇataro? Idha bhikkhave ekacco attanā ca pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti parañca pāṇātipātā veramaṇiyā samādapeti… Attanā ca sammādiṭṭhiko hoti parañca sammādiṭṭhiyā samādapeti.

Illustration: kalyāṇa, meritorious

It is this [absolute] Selfhood of mine that speaks and experiences here and there the karmic consequences of meritorious and demeritorious deeds; and this [absolute] Selfhood of mine is everlasting, enduring, eternal, of an unchangeable nature, and will endure like unto eternity itself.

yo me ayaṁ attā vado vedeyyo tatra tatra kalyāṇapāpakānaṁ kammānaṁ vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti. So kho pana me ayaṁ attā nicco dhuvo sassato avipariṇāmadhammo sassatisamaṁ tatheva ṭhassatī ti. (MN i 8)

Therefore one should do what is meritorious as a collection for a future life. Meritorious deeds are the support for living beings [when they arise] in the world hereafter.

Tasmā kareyya kalyāṇaṁ nicayaṁ samparāyikaṁ puññāni paralokasmiṁ patiṭṭhā honti pāṇinanti. (SN i 93)

Illustration: kalyāṇa, good

‘These ascetic disciples of the Sakyans’ Son do not even know the calculation of the half months, so how could they know anything else that is good?’

pakkhagaṇanamattampi me samaṇā sakyaputtiyā na jānanti. Kimpanime aññaṁ kicci kālyāṇaṁ jānissantī ti. (Vin.1.117)

In the future there will be bhikkhus who desire good almsfood. They will give up going on almsround;.

piṇḍapāte kalyāṇakāmā. Te piṇḍapāte kalyāṇakāmā samānā riñcissanti piṇḍapātikattaṁ

In the future there will be bhikkhus who desire good abodes. They will give up dwelling at the root of a tree, and secluded abodes in forests and quiet groves;

senāsane kalyāṇakāmā. Te senāsane kalyāṇakāmā samānā riñcissanti rukkhamūlikattaṁ. Riñcissanti araññe vanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni. (AN iii 109)

Those of an inferior disposition come together and unite with those of an inferior disposition; those of a good disposition come together and unite with those of a good disposition.

hīnādhimuttikā sattā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṁ saṁsandanti samenti. (SN ii 154)

He gives with the thought, ‘I will get a good reputation’

kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī ti dānaṁ deti. (DN iii 258)

A bhikkhu with golden skin is good to look at

Kalyāṇadassano bhikkhu kañcanasannibhattaco. (Snp 551)

He is not a good speaker with a good delivery.

no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo. (AN iv 298)

A householder who offered good food gave the community of bhikkhus a continuous food supply of meals consisting of four ingredients.

kalyāṇabhattiko gahapati saṅghassa catukkabhattaṁ deti niccabhattaṁ. (Vin.2.77)

A layperson might establish a robe fund for a bhikkhu who is not a relative, thinking: ‘Having purchased robe material with this fund, I will clothe the bhikkhu so and so.’ If the bhikkhu, uninvited, approaches the layperson with a suggestion regarding the robe out of a desire for something good, saying:

‘It would be good indeed, your reverence, if you clothed me in this or that type of robe purchased with the robe fund,’ it is an offence of nissaggiya pācittiya.

sādhu vata maṁ āyasmā iminā cīvaracetāpantena evarūpaṁ vā evarūpaṁ vā cīvaraṁ cetāpetvā acchādehīti kalyāṇakamyataṁ upādāya nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan ti

‘Desire for something good’ means wanting what is good quality, wanting what is expensive.

Kalyāṇakamyataṁ upādāyā ti sādhatthīko mahagghatthiko. (Vin.3.216)

Illustration: kalyāṇa, virtuous; good

Nonetheless, one gains a good reputation for having virtuous friends, companions, and comrades.

Atha kho naṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchati: kalyāṇamitto purisapuggalo kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko ti. (AN i 126-7)

Illustration: kalyāṇa, good; excellent

He is wise, capable, intelligent, very learned, a brilliant speaker, of excellent intuitive insight, mature, and truly an arahant.

Paṇḍito vyatto medhāvī bahussuto cittakathī kalyāṇapaṭibhāno vuddho ceva arahā ca. (AN iii 58)

Illustration: kalyāṇa, excellent

Those teachings which are excellent in the beginning, the middle, and the end.

ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā. (Vin.2.96)

I would not say anything about Mahānāma the Sakyan except what is excellent and good.

mahānāma sakkaṁ na kiñci vadāmi aññatra kalyāṇā aññatra kusalā ti. (SN v 374)

A bhikkhu who is of excellent virtue, who has excellent practices, and excellent discernment is called one who is fully accomplished in this teaching and training system, one who has fulfilled [the religious life], the unexcelled person

Kalyāṇasīlo bhikkhave bhikkhu kalyāṇadhammo kalyāṇapañño imasmiṁ dhammavinaye kevalī vusitavā uttamapuriso ti vuccati.

In what way is a bhikkhu of excellent virtue? In this regard a bhikkhu is virtuous, abides restrained [in conduct] within the constraints of the rules of discipline. He is perfect in conduct and sphere of personal application, seeing danger in the slightest wrongdoing, he trains himself by undertaking the rules of the training.

Kathañca bhikkhave bhikkhū kalyāṇasīlo hoti? Idha bhikkhave bhikkhū sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.

In what way is a bhikkhu of excellent practices? In this regard a bhikkhu abides given to developing the seven groups of factors conducive to enlightenment.

Kalyāṇadhammo ca kathaṁ hoti? Idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sattannaṁ bodhipakkhiyānaṁ dhammānaṁ bhāvanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.

In what way is a bhikkhu of excellent discernment? In this regard a bhikkhu through the destruction of perceptually obscuring states, in this very lifetime enters upon and abides in the liberation [from attachment through inward calm] and the liberation [from uninsightfulness] through penetrative discernment, realising it for himself through transcendent insight.

Kalyāṇapañño ca kathaṁ hoti? idha bhikkhave bhikkhū āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. (Iti 97)

 

Glossary various Teacher

— —

 

See also

Suttas and Dhammadesanā

— —

Add a reference here or in the list.

 

Info & meta data

[open]

[close]

  • You can add an record of the Pali, and upload it. (The file should be without diacritics, lowcase and mp3. Change diacritics in link to 'readable' characters without diacritics.)
  • You are given to add additional sources/Dictionaries. Consider the use of page_templates if wishing to include a certain dictionary to many pages. Edits of Dictionary content can be made in the paticulary source file.

meta data

—- dataentry metadata —- page ID: en:dictionary:kalyāṇa pagename: kalyāṇa file: kalyāṇa.txt permanent link: http://accesstoinsight.eu/en/dictionary/kalyāṇa page initially given by: Johann page creation date: 2019-09-17 (recreation) origin author and source: see source_of_dictionaries. source: various, see source_of_dictionaries edits: see source_of_dictionaries edition: scope of gift: This is a gift of Dhamma and given to use for any skilful/wholesome purpose and undertaking but not for any commercial use or other use of exchange for worldly aims. For additional information see Dhamma-Dana and possible details at the source pages for included parts. Much joy in using and share of the merits! owner of this copy: Sublime Sangha of the eight directions. current maintainer: The aramika and monastic disciples on sangham.net dedications of editors: Johann: for the Sublime Saṅgha of the Buddha and those following and interested, and so then benefiting my persons teachers, parents and ancestors, all beings welfare.


en/dictionary/kalyāṇa.txt · Last modified: 2019/09/25 05:31 by 127.0.0.1