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 +====== Khaggavisana Sutta: A Rhinoceros ======
 +<span hide>Khaggavisana Sutta</span>
 +
 +Summary: url=index.html#snp.1.03.than  On the value of living the solitary wandering life of a forest monk.
 +
 +
 +<div #h_meta>
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +<div #h_tipitakaid>Sn 1.3 <span h_ptsid>PTS: [[:en:tipitaka:sltp:Sn_utf8#v.35|Sn 35-75]]</span>
 +
 +</div>
 +
 +<div #h_doctitle>Khaggavisana Sutta: A Rhinoceros</div>
 +
 +<div #h_docsubtitle2></div>
 +
 +<div #h_docby>translated from the Pali by</div>
 +
 +<div #h_docauthor>Thanissaro Bhikkhu</div>
 +
 +<div #h_copyright>[[#f_termsofuse|{{en:img:d2.png?16x18}}]][[#f_termsofuse| 1997-2018]]</div>
 +
 +<div #h_altformat></div>
 +
 +</div>
 +
 +<div #h_homage>
 +
 +<div #homagetext>[[en:homage|-  Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammā-sambuddhassa  -]]</div>
 +
 +<div navigation>[[en:tipitaka:sut:kn:snp:snp.1.02.than|{{en:img:left.png }}]] [[en:tipitaka:sut:kn:snp:snp.1.04.than|{{ en:img:right.png}}]]</div>
 +
 +</div>
 +
 +<span #h_content></span>
 +
 +<div preface>**Translator's note:** The refrain in this sutta is a subject of controversy. The text literally says, "Wander alone like a 'sword-horn,' which is the Pali term for rhinoceros. The commentary, however, insists that this term refers not to the animal but to its horn, for the Indian rhinoceros, unlike the African, has only one horn. Still, some scholars have noted that while the Indian rhinoceros is a solitary animal, rhinoceros horns don't wander, and that in other verses in the Pali canon, the phrase "wander alone like..." takes a person or an animal, not an animal part, for its object. Thus, for example, in Dhp 329 (repeated below), one is told to "wander alone like a king renouncing his kingdom, like the elephant in the Matanga woods, his herd." It's possible that the rhinoceros was chosen here as an example of solitary wandering both because of its habits and because of its unusual single horn. However, in a translation, it's necessary to choose one reading over the other. Thus, because wandering "like a rhinoceros" sounds more natural than wandering "like a horn," I have chosen the former rendering. Keep in mind, though, that the singularity of the rhinoceros' horn reinforces the image.
 +
 +As noted under [[en:tipitaka:sut:kn:snp:snp.1.01.than|I.1]], there is evidence suggesting that the verses here were originally separate poems, composed on separate occasions, and that they have been gathered together because of their common refrain.
 +</div>
 +
 +<div chapter>
 +
 +<div freeverse>![
 +Renouncing violence
 +for all living beings,
 +harming not even a one,
 +you would not wish for offspring,
 + so how a companion?
 +Wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +For a sociable person
 +there are allurements;
 +on the heels of allurement, this pain.
 +Seeing allurement's drawback,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +One whose mind
 +is enmeshed in sympathy
 +for friends & companions,
 +neglects the true goal.
 +Seeing this danger in intimacy,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Like spreading bamboo,
 + entwined,
 +is concern for offspring & spouses.
 +<span anchor #bamboo>Like</span> a bamboo sprout,
 + unentangling,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +<span anchor #deer>As a deer</span> in the wilds,
 + unfettered,
 +goes for forage wherever it wants:
 +the wise person, valuing freedom,
 +wanders alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +In the midst of companions
 +— when staying at home,
 + when going out wandering —
 +you are prey to requests.
 +Valuing the freedom
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +There is sporting & love
 +in the midst of companions,
 +& abundant fondness for offspring.
 + Feeling disgust
 +at the prospect of parting
 +from those who'd be dear,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Without resistance in all four directions,
 +content with whatever you get,
 +enduring troubles with no dismay,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +They are hard to please,
 +some of those gone forth,
 +as well as those living the household life.
 +Shedding concern
 +for these offspring of others,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Cutting off the householder's marks,<span notetag #fnt-1>([[#fn-1|1]])</span> 
 +<span anchor #tree1>like a</span> kovilara tree
 + that has shed its leaves,
 +the prudent one, cutting all household ties,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +If you gain a mature companion,
 +a fellow traveler, right-living & wise,
 +overcoming all dangers
 + go with him, gratified,
 + mindful.
 +
 +If you don't gain a mature companion,
 +a fellow traveler, right-living & wise,
 + wander alone
 +<span anchor #king>like a</span> king renouncing his kingdom,
 +<span anchor #wildelephant>like the</span> elephant in the <span anchor #matanga>Matanga</span> wilds,
 + his herd.
 +
 +We praise companionship
 + — yes!
 +Those on a par, or better,
 +should be chosen as friends.
 +If they're not to be found,
 + living faultlessly,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Seeing radiant bracelets of gold,
 +well-made by a smith,
 + clinking, clashing,
 + two on an arm,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros,
 +
 +<span spkr>[thinking:]</span>
 +
 +"In the same way,
 +if I were to live with another,
 +there would be careless talk or abusive."
 +Seeing this future danger,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Because sensual pleasures,
 +elegant, honeyed, & charming,
 +bewitch the mind with their manifold forms —
 +seeing this drawback in sensual strands —
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +"Calamity, tumor, misfortune,
 +disease, an arrow, a danger for me."
 +Seeing this danger in sensual strands,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Cold & heat, hunger & thirst,
 +wind & sun, horseflies & snakes:
 +enduring all these, without exception,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +<span anchor #whiteelephant>As a</span> great white elephant,
 +with massive shoulders,
 +renouncing his herd,
 +lives in the wilds wherever he wants,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +"There's no way
 +that one delighting in company
 +can touch even momentary release."
 +Heeding the Solar Kinsman's words,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Transcending the contortion of views,
 + the sure way attained,
 + the path gained,
 +
 +<span spkr>[realizing:]</span>
 +
 +"Unled by others,
 +I have knowledge arisen,"
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +With no greed, no deceit,
 +no thirst, no hypocrisy —
 + delusion & blemishes
 + blown away —
 +with no inclinations for all the world,
 + every world,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Avoid the evil companion
 + disregarding the goal,
 + intent on the out-of-tune way.
 +Don't take as a friend
 +someone heedless & hankering.
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Consort with one who is learned,
 + who maintains the Dhamma,
 + a great & quick-witted friend.
 +Knowing the meanings,
 +subdue your perplexity,
 +[then] wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros,
 +
 +Free from longing, finding no pleasure
 +in the world's sport, love, or sensual bliss,
 +abstaining from adornment,
 +speaking the truth,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Abandoning offspring, spouse,
 +father, mother,
 +riches, grain, relatives,
 +& sensual pleasures
 + altogether,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +"This is a bondage, a baited hook.
 +There's little happiness here,
 +next to no satisfaction,
 +all the more suffering & pain."
 +Knowing this, circumspect,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Shattering fetters,
 +<span anchor #fish>like a fish</span> in the water tearing a net,
 +<span anchor #fire>like a fire</span> not coming back to what's burnt,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Eyes downcast, not footloose,
 +senses guarded, with protected mind,
 +not oozing — not burning — with lust,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Taking off the householder's marks,<span notetag #fnt-2>([[#fn-2|2]])</span> 
 +<span anchor #tree2>like a</span> coral tree
 + that has shed its leaves,
 +going forth in the ochre robe,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Showing no greed for flavors, not careless,
 +going from house to house for alms,
 +with mind unenmeshed in this family or that,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Abandoning barriers to awareness,
 +expelling all defilements — all —
 +non-dependent, cutting aversion,
 + allurement,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Turning your back on pleasure & pain,
 +as earlier with sorrow & joy,
 +attaining pure equanimity,
 + tranquillity,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +With persistence aroused
 +for the highest goal's attainment,
 +with mind unsmeared, not lazy in action,
 +firm in effort, with steadfastness & strength arisen,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Not neglecting seclusion, absorption,
 +constantly living the Dhamma
 + in line with the Dhamma,
 +comprehending the danger
 +in states of becoming,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Intent on the ending of craving & heedful,
 +learned, mindful, not muddled,
 +certain — having reckoned the Dhamma —
 + & striving,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Unstartled, <span anchor #lion>like a</span> lion at sounds.
 +Unsnared, <span anchor #wind>like the</span> wind in a net.
 +Unsmeared, <span anchor #lotus>like a</span> lotus in water:
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +<span anchor #lion2>Like a lion</span> — forceful, strong in fang,
 +living as a conqueror, the king of beasts —
 +resort to a solitary dwelling.
 +Wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +At the right time consorting
 +with the release through good will,
 + compassion,
 + appreciation,
 + equanimity,
 +unobstructed by all the world,
 + any world,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +Having let go of passion,
 + aversion,
 + delusion;
 +having shattered the fetters;
 +undisturbed at the ending of life,
 +wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.
 +
 +People follow & associate
 + for a motive.
 +Friends without a motive these days
 + are rare.
 +They're shrewd for their own ends, & impure.
 + Wander alone
 +like a rhinoceros.]!
 +</div>
 +
 +==== Notes ====
 +<div notes>
 +
 +
 +  ? <span fn #fn-1>[[#fnt-1|1]]</span>.
 +  :: Hair and beard.
 +
 +  ? <span fn #fn-2>[[#fnt-2|2]]</span>.
 +  :: Lay clothing.
 +
 +</div>
 +</div>
 +
 +<span #h_content_end></span>
 +
 +<div navigation>[[./snp.1.02.than|{{en:img:left.png }}]] [[./snp.1.04.than|{{ en:img:right.png}}]]</div>
 +
 +
 +
 +<div #f_footer>
 +
 +<div showmore>
 +<div #f_colophon>
 +<div #f_newcopyrightsymbol>[[#top| ]]</div>
 +<div #f_provenance>**Provenance:**
 +<div #f_sourceCopy>The source of this work is the gift within Access to Insight "Offline Edition 2012.09.10.14", last replication 12. March 2013, generously given by John Bullitt and mentioned as: ©1997 Thanissaro Bhikkhu.</div>
 +
 +<div #f_sourceCopy_translation></div>
 +
 +<div #f_sourceEdition></div>
 +
 +<div #f_sourceTitle>Transcribed from a file provided by the translator.</div>
 +
 +<div #f_atiCopy>This Zugang zur Einsicht edition is [[en:dhamma-dana|{{en:img:d2.png?14}}]]2013 (ATI 1997-2012).</div>
 +
 +<div f_zzecopy>Translations, rebublishing, editing and additions are in the sphere of responsibility of //Zugang zur Einsicht//.</div>
 +
 +</div>
 +
 +<div #f_termsofuse>**Scope of this Dhamma-Gift:** You are invited to not only use this Dhamma-Gift here for yourself but also to share it, and your merits with it, again as a Dhamma gift and to copy, reformat, reprint, republish and redistribute this work in any medium whatsoever, provided that: (1) you only make such copies, etc. available //free of charge//; (2) you clearly indicate that any derivatives of this work (including translations) are derived from this source document; and (3) you include the full text of this "Scope of this Dhamma-Gift" in any copies or derivatives of this work. Anything beyond this is not given here. For additional information about this license, see the [[en:faq#copyright|FAQ]].</div>
 +
 +<div #f_citation>**How to cite this document** (one suggested style): "Khaggavisana Sutta: A Rhinoceros" (Sn 1.3), translated from the Pali by  Thanissaro Bhikkhu. //Access to Insight//, 29 August 2012, [[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/kn/snp/snp.1.03.than.html|http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/kn/snp/snp.1.03.than.html]] . Retrieved on 10 September 2012 (Offline Edition 2012.09.10.14), republished by //Zugang zur Einsicht// on  
 +[[http://www.zugangzureinsicht.org/html/tipitaka/kn/snp/snp.1.03.than_en.html|http://www.zugangzureinsicht.org/html/tipitaka/kn/snp/snp.1.03.than_en.html]] retreived on:
 +"date"</div>
 +
 +<div #f_alt-formats>****</div>
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 +</div>
 +</div>
 +
 +----
 +
 +<div #f_toenail>[[en:help|Help]] | [[en:faq#whatis|About]] | [[en:faq#contact|Contact]] | [[en:dhamma-dana|Scope of the Dhamma gift]] | [[en:cowork|Collaboration]]\\ Anumodana puñña kusala!</div>